<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The Padma river is widely known for its dynamic and disastrous behaviour, and the river has been experiencing intense and frequent bank erosion and deposition leading to the changes and shifting of bank line. In this paper, a time series of Landsat satellite imagery MSS, TM and OLI and TIRS images and are used to detect river bank erosion-accretion and bank line shifting during the study period 1975–2015. This study exhibits a drastic increase of erosion and accretion of land along the Padma river. The results show that from 1975 to 2015, the total amount of river bank erosion is 49,951 ha of land, at a rate of 1,249 ha a−1 and the total amount of accretion is 83,333 ha of land, at a rate of 2,083 ha a−1. Throughout the monitoring period, erosion-accretion was more pronounced in the right part of the river and bank line had been shifting towards the southern direction. The paper also reveals that the total area of islands had been increased significantly, in 2015 there was about 50,967 ha of island area increased from 20,533 ha of island area in 1975, and the results evidence consistency of sedimentation in the river bed.</abstract>

The Padma river is widely known for its dynamic and disastrous behaviour, and the river has been experiencing intense and frequent bank erosion and deposition leading to the changes and shifting of bank line. In this paper, a time series of Landsat satellite imagery MSS, TM and OLI and TIRS images and are used to detect river bank erosion-accretion and bank line shifting during the study period 1975–2015. This study exhibits a drastic increase of erosion and accretion of land along the Padma river. The results show that from 1975 to 2015, the total amount of river bank erosion is 49,951 ha of land, at a rate of 1,249 ha a−1 and the total amount of accretion is 83,333 ha of land, at a rate of 2,083 ha a−1. Throughout the monitoring period, erosion-accretion was more pronounced in the right part of the river and bank line had been shifting towards the southern direction. The paper also reveals that the total area of islands had been increased significantly, in 2015 there was about 50,967 ha of island area increased from 20,533 ha of island area in 1975, and the results evidence consistency of sedimentation in the river bed.

Mapping and Monitoring Erosion-Accretion in an Alluvial River Using Satellite Imagery – The River Bank Changes of the Padma River in Bangladesh

Quaestiones Geographicae

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

The Padma river is widely known for its dynamic and disastrous behaviour, and the river has been experiencing intense and frequent bank erosion and deposition...

Sections	1975–1988		1988–1994		1994–2005		2005–2015		1975–2015
Sections	Left bank	Right bank	Left bank	Right bank	Left bank	Right bank	Left bank	Right bank	Left bank	Right bank
A	+1.2	+0.1	–1.2	−2.9	−0.2	−3.7	+0.1	−0.3	−0.15	−6.80
B	+0.2	−0.1	−0.3	−0.4	−0.2	+1.5	−0.1	+0.3	+0.32	+1.35
C	−1.3	+0.3	−1.1	+3.3	+1.0	−2.2	−1.3	+0.5	−2.70	+1.90
D	−2.7	−1.2	+0.1	−0.6	−0.3	−3.0	−0.7	+1.7	+3.68	−3.10
E	+3.1	−3.4	−3.4	−0.1	+2.9	+2.5	−2.5	−0.7	+0.10	−1.61
F	+2.0	−2.1	+3.9	−4.4	−6.0	−3.7	+0.3	−4.4	+0.20	−14.63
G	+0.1	−1.2	−0.1	−0.6	−4.1	−0.7	−0.2	+3.5	−4.30	+1.00
H	+0.7	−1.3	−0.1	+0.8	−1.2	−1.4	+0.7	±0.7	+0.10	−2.60
I	−2.2	−0.8	−1.1	–0.6	+3.6	−0.8	+2.0	−0.7	+2.30	−2.39
J	−2.0	−1.7	−1.1	−0.9	+0.2	−0.1	+0.1	+1.2	−2.85	−1.47
K	−0.3	−3.8	+1.5	+1.5	−1.5	+3.5	−0.1	+1.0	−0.31	+2.20

Sensor	Band numbers	Date of acquisition	Spatial resolution [m]
MSS	1,2,3	March 10, 1975	60
TM	1,2,3,4	November 01, 1988	30
TM	1,2,3,4	October 10, 1994	30
TM	1,2,3,4	January 16, 2005	30
OLI and TIRS	1,2,3,4,5	January 28, 2015	30

Duration	Location (Padma River)	Erosion		Accretion
Duration	Location (Padma River)	Total (ha)	Rate (ha a⁻¹)	Total (ha)	Rate (ha a⁻¹)
1975–1988 (13 years)	Left bank	6,258.03	481.38	10,937.18	841.32
	Right bank	1,482.38	114.02	15,278.44	1,175.26
	Total reach	7,740.41	595.41	26,215.62	2,016.58
1988–1994 (6 years)	Left bank	3,680.80	613.46	7,818.39	1,303.06
	Right bank	5,711.33	951.88	10,388.79	1,731.46
	Total reach	9,392.13	1,565.35	18,207.18	3,034.53
1994–2005 (11 years)	Left bank	11,223.93	1,020.35	5,678.95	516.26
	Right bank	15,606.18	1,418.74	11,526.76	1,047.88
	Total reach	26,830.11	2,439.10	17,205.71	1,564.15
2005–2015 (10 years)	Left bank	3,224.44	322.44	11,602.08	1,160.20
	Right bank	2,763.86	276.38	10,102.62	1,010.26
	Total reach	5,988.30	598.83	21,704.70	2,170.47
1975–2015 (40 years)	Total (Left bank)	24,387.20	609.68	36,036.60	900.92
	Total (Right bank)	25,563.75	639.09	47,296.61	1,182.42
	Total (Both bank)	49,950.95	1,248.77	83,333.21	2,083.33

Mapping and Monitoring Erosion-Accretion in an Alluvial River Using Satellite Imagery – The River Bank Changes of the Padma River in Bangladesh

Published Online: Sep 06, 2018

Page range: 87 - 95

Received: May 16, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2018-0027

Keywords
bank line shifting, geographic information system, remote sensing, river bank erosion-accretion, satellite image

© 2018 Mohammad Maruf Billah, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Bankline shifting due to erosion and accretion 1975–2015.

Landsat satellite images utilized in the study.

Erosion-accretion net along the Padma river.

Mapping and Monitoring Erosion-Accretion in an Alluvial River Using Satellite Imagery – The River Bank Changes of the Padma River in Bangladesh

Published Online: Sep 06, 2018

Page range: 87 - 95

Received: May 16, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2018-0027

Keywordsbank line shifting, geographic information system, remote sensing, river bank erosion-accretion, satellite image

© 2018 Mohammad Maruf Billah, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Bankline shifting due to erosion and accretion 1975–2015.

Landsat satellite images utilized in the study.

Erosion-accretion net along the Padma river.

Keywords
bank line shifting, geographic information system, remote sensing, river bank erosion-accretion, satellite image