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Low power current sources for bioimpedance measurements: a comparison between Howland and OTA-based CMOS circuits


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Fig.1

Schematic diagram of the simulated mirrored modified Howland current source, where R= 47 kΩ, C= 2 μF and Vin is the input signal.
Schematic diagram of the simulated mirrored modified Howland current source, where R= 47 kΩ, C= 2 μF and Vin is the input signal.

Fig.2

Schematic diagram of the simulated CMOS class-A operational transconductance amplifier (modified from (42)).
Schematic diagram of the simulated CMOS class-A operational transconductance amplifier (modified from (42)).

Fig.3

Schematic diagram of the simulated CMOS class-AB operational transconductance amplifier (modified from (40)).
Schematic diagram of the simulated CMOS class-AB operational transconductance amplifier (modified from (40)).

Fig.4

Schematic diagram of the Current Conveyor current source.
Schematic diagram of the Current Conveyor current source.

Fig.5

Linearity error response of the current source over the input voltage range -0.6 to +0.6 V, using a resistive load of 1 kΩ.
Linearity error response of the current source over the input voltage range -0.6 to +0.6 V, using a resistive load of 1 kΩ.

Fig.6

Harmonic distortion as a function of the input voltage.
Harmonic distortion as a function of the input voltage.

Fig.7

Output current magnitude over the frequency range 10 Hz to 1 GHz.
Output current magnitude over the frequency range 10 Hz to 1 GHz.

Fig.8

Output impedance over the frequency range 10 Hz to 100 MHz.
Output impedance over the frequency range 10 Hz to 100 MHz.
eISSN:
1891-5469
Sprache:
Englisch
Zeitrahmen der Veröffentlichung:
Volume Open
Fachgebiete der Zeitschrift:
Technik, Bioingenieurwesen, Biomedizinische Elektronik, Biologie, Biophysik, Medizin, Biomedizinische Technik, Physik, Spektroskopie und Metrologie